(1)整體變遷與局部變遷 (2)社會(huì)進(jìn)步與社會(huì)倒退 (3)社會(huì)進(jìn)化與社會(huì)革命 (4)自發(fā)性社會(huì)變遷與有計(jì)劃的社會(huì)變遷